Saturday 27 April 2013

Array concepts in C


ARRAYS:

            An array is a group of related data items that share a common name and stored in contiguous memory locations.

            Ordinary variables are capable of holding only one value at a time.  However, there are situations in which we would want to store more than one value at a time in a single variable.

            For example, suppose we wish to arrange the percentage of marks obtained by 100 students in ascending order.  In such a case we have two options to store these marks in memory. 

i) Construct 100 variables to store percentage marks obtained by 100 different students.
ii) Construct one variable capable of storing or holding all the hundred variables.

Obviously the second alternative is better.  A simple reason for this is, it would be much easier to handle one variable than handling 100 different variables.

Array declaration:-


Like any other variable, arrays must be declared before they are used.  The general form of array declaration is
           
type variable-name [size];

The type specifies the type of element that will be contained in the array, such as int, float or char.

Size indicates the maximum number of elements that can be stored inside the array.

For example

1) int number[5];
declares an array number which can store a maximum of 5 integer numbers.
2) float height[50];
Declares an array height which can store a maximum of 50 floating-point numbers.
3) char name[10];
Declares an array name which can store a maximum of 10 characters.

If we want to represent a set of five numbers say (35, 40, 20, 57, 19) by an array variable number, then we may declare the variable number as follows.
           
            int number [5];

And the computer reserves five storage locations as shown below. We know that memory is group of memory cells. Each cell can store one byte of information and each cell is accompanied with some address.



ACCESSING ELEMENTS OF AN ARRAY:


       Once an array is declared, the individual elements of the array can be referred by the use of subscript. Subscript specifies the element position in the array. Subscript starts at 0. i.e. first number is started at  position 0, second number is started at position 1 etc.

Entering data into an array

            int num [10];
            for (i=0; i<10; i++)
            {
                        Printf (“enter a number”);
                        Scanf (“%d”, & num [i]);
            }
 
Reading data from an array

           To add the elements of an array to variable sum
            sum=0;
            for (i=0; i<10; i++)
                        sum = sum + a [i];

1.   An array is a collection of similar elements.
2.   First element is at position ‘0’, so the last element is at position 1 less then the size of the array.
3.   An array is also known as subscripted variable.
4.   Before using an array its type and dimension must be declared.
5.      The elements are always stored in contiguous memory locations

Initialization of arrays:


     We can initialize the elements of an array in the same way as the ordinary variables when they are declared.

             Static type array-name [size] = {list of values};

    The values in the list are separated by commas. If the number of values in the list is less then the size, then only that many elements will be initialized. The remaining elements will be set to zero automatically.

             Static int num [5] = {10, 20, 30, 40, 50};
             Static char name[ ] = { ‘j’,’o’,’h’,’n’ };

There are two types of arrays:-
1.One-dimensional arrays
2.Two-dimensional arrays.

 

1.One-dimensional arrays:-

                        A list of related data type items can be given one variable name using single subscript. Such variable is called single subscripted variable or one-dimensional array.

Syntax:-
            Datatype variable[size];


Eg.,
            int salary[10];
             float marks[100];
             char ch[10];

Ø  A Program to initialize an array and display the values.

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main( )
{
int i,n,a[5]={11,22,33,44,55};
clrscr( );
for(i=0;i<5;i++)
                  printf(“%d\n”,a[i]);
                  getch( );        
           }

2.Two-dimensional arrays:-

                                                    

        

            So far we have looked at arrays with only one dimension. It is also possible for arrays to have two or more dimensions. The two dimensional array is also called a matrix.
            Consider the following data table

                                        Sub1      sub2      sub3     sub4



                Student1            10         20           30        40

               Student2             5            7            8         15

               Student3             3            2            4         50

     The table contains a total of 12 values, i.e in each line. We can think of this table as a matrix consisting of 3 rows and 4 columns.
     Each row represents the marks obtained in 4 subjects by a particular student. Each column represents the marks obtained in a particular subject.
     In mathematics, we represent a particular value in a matrix by using two subscripts, such as vij. Here v denotes the entire matrix and vij refers to the value in the ith row and jth column.
     For example in the above table v23 refers to the value 50.
    C allows us to define such tables of items by using two-dimensional arrays, the above table can be defined in C as
                       Int  v[3][4];
General form:
                      Type array_name [row-size] [col-size];


MULTI DIMENSIONAL ARRAYS:

            C language allows not only one-dimensional and two dimensional arrays but also three or more dimensional arrays. A multi dimensional array can be declared as follows:-

Syntax:-
            Datatype variable[size1][size2]……[size n];

Eg.,
            Int a[3][3][3]={{{1,2,3}


ARRAYS AND FUNCTIONS:     

As values of variables can be passed to a function it is also possible to use array values in a function.
            To pass a one-dimensional array to a function, it is sufficient to list the name of the array without any subscripts and size of the array as arguments.

Eg:- 
sum (a,n);
           
            Where a is the array name and n is the size of the array.
            But in function header, we need to mention the array as a subscripted variable.
Eg:- 
sum (int a[ ], int n)
            It is not necessary to specify the size here.
                   









Posted on 02:51 | Categories:

Amazon Hiring Software Development Engineer in Hyderabad on April 2013

Amazon Hiring Software Development Engineer in Hyderabad on April 2013

Company Name: Amazon

Designation: Software Development Engineer

Experience:
Freshers

Qualification:
B.S/B.Tech/M.E/M.Tech/MS

Location:
Hyderabad

Candidate Details:

The candidate should possess BS or MS in Computer Science or in a relevant Engineering discipline.
Solid understanding of Object-Oriented design and a strong foundation in algorithms is a must. 
Expert knowledge of Java and C++ is required. 
Knowledge of Perl would be an added advantage. 
Should be comfortable with working on Unix/Linux based operating systems. 
Proficiency with development of with Ajax frameworks such as Dojo, JQuery is required. 
Previous record of having worked on high performing solutions is a big plus.
About Company:
Earth's Most Customer-Centric Company
Amazon, a Fortune 500 company based in Seattle, Washington, is the global leader in e-commerce. Since Jeff Bezos started Amazon in 1995, we have significantly expanded our product offerings, international sites, and worldwide network of fulfillment and customer service centers. Today, Amazon offers everything from books and electronics to tennis rackets and diamond jewelry. We operate sites in the United Kingdom, Germany, France, Japan, Canada, Italy, and China and maintain dozens of fulfillment centers around the world which encompass more than 26 million square feet.
Technological Innovation
Technological innovation drives the growth of Amazon, offering our customers more types of products, more conveniently, and at even lower prices. We offer a personalized shopping experience for each customer, book discovery through "Search Inside The Book", convenient checkout using "1-Click® Shopping", and several community features like Listmania and Wish Lists that help our customers to discover new products and make informed buying decisions.
Top
Building the Platform
In 2000, Amazon began to offer its best-of-breed e-commerce platform to other retailers and to individual sellers. Now, big-name retailers work with Amazon Services to power their e-commerce offerings from end-to-end, including technology services, merchandising, customer service, and order fulfillment. Other branded merchants also leverage Amazon as an incremental sales channel for their new merchandise; you can find products from top retailers across our retail site. Finally, independent software developers also derive value from the platform--through Amazon Web Services--by building profitable applications and services that cater to Amazon customers and sellers.

Apply Details: Click Here

Friday 26 April 2013

Top companies Hiring 2012 & 2013 freshers

Top companies Hiring 2012 & 2013 freshers
TCS : http://www.tcs.com/Pages/default.aspx

CTS: http://www.cognizant.com/

IBM: http://www.ibm.com/in/en/

UHG: http://www.unitedhealthgroup.com/

CSC: http://www.csc.com/in

Amazon: http://india.amazon.com/

ADP: http://www.adp.com/



Posted on 11:50 | Categories:

Virtusa conducting walk-in for freshers


Virtusa conducting a walk-in for freshers 2013

Name: Virtusa
Location: Hyderabad
Eligibility:
2013 Pass outs only.
Qualification: – B Sc , BCA and B Com
Percentage: >60%
Date & Time:
26th April 2013

About Company:

Virtusa Corporation (NASDAQ: VRTU) is a global information technology (IT) services company providing IT consulting, technology and outsourcing services.

Using our enhanced global delivery model, innovative software platforming approach and industry expertise, we provide high-value IT services that enable our clients to enhance business performance, accelerate time-to-market, increase productivity and improve customer service.

We serve Global 2000 companies and the leading software vendors in Banking & Financial Services, Insurance, Telecommunications, Technology and Media, Information & Education industries. We build and sustain application platforms for our clients that create competitive advantage.

Founded in 1996 and headquartered in Massachusetts, we have offices and technology centers throughout the United States, Europe and Asia.

Virtusa provides a broad range of IT consulting, systems implementation and application outsourcing services through an optimized global delivery model. Through our industry leading platforming process, Virtusa focuses on delivering business results by modernizing, rationalizing and consolidating the critical applications that support our clients' core business processes. We employ advanced processes like Agile to insure the right system is delivered the first time. This approach enables Virtusa to serve industry leaders as they seek to improve their customers' experience, expand market reach, improve time to market and lower costs.


Venue & Location:
Sphoorthy Engineering College,
Sagar Road, Saroornagar Mandal,
Hyderabad. Pincode: 501510.

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Posted on 06:03 | Categories:

Monday 22 April 2013

Fresher Hiring For System Engineer @ “AT&T” in Hyderabad


Fresher Hiring For System Engineer @ “AT&T” in Hyderabad

Name: AT&T
Website: www.att.com
Education: Any Graduate
Experience: Fresher
Location: Hyderabad
Job Description
System Engineer
The associates are required to monitor server performance, resolve faults, and perform required tuning, manage space utilization, perform backup and recovery procedures, verify utility outputs and also perform the installation of patches and upgrades.
Fault Management Resolution & Change Execution responsibilities include:
Excellent Communication Skills and should be flexible to work in rotational shift.

About Company:

AT&T is bringing it all together for our customers, from revolutionary smartphones to next-generation TV services and sophisticated solutions for multi-national businesses.

For more than a century, we have consistently provided innovative, reliable, high-quality products and services and excellent customer care. Today, our mission is to connect people with their world, everywhere they live and work, and do it better than anyone else. We're fulfilling this vision by creating new solutions for consumers and businesses and by driving innovation in the communications and entertainment industry.

We're recognized as one of the leading worldwide providers of IP-based communications services to businesses. We also have the nation's largest 4G network — covering 275 million people, and 2,000 more 4G cities and towns than Verizon, and the largest international coverage of any U.S. wireless carrier, offering the most phones that work in the most countries. AT&T operates the nation's largest Wi-Fi network** including more than 30,000 AT&T Wi-Fi Hot Spots at popular restaurants, hotels, bookstores and retailers, and provides access to more than 220,000 hotspots globally through roaming agreements.

AT&T U-verse is TV like you've never seen before. It's TV the way you want it, with tons of cool features and capabilities. AT&T is the only national U.S. TV service provider to offer a 100-percent IP-based television service. It's part of our "three-screen" integration strategy to deliver services across the three screens people rely on most — the mobile device, the PC and the TV.

As we continue to break new ground and deliver new solutions, we're focused on delivering the high-quality customer service that is our heritage.
 For More Information Click Here To Apply

Fresher & Exp Walk-in For Customer Service Executives @ “General Electric” in Hyderabad

Fresher & Exp Walk-in For Customer Service Executives @ “General Electric” in Hyderabad

Name: General Electric Capital

Website: www.gecapital.com

Job Details

Education: Any Graduate

Experience: 0-3 Years

Location: Hyderabad

Walk-in On 22nd & 23rd Apr 2013 Between 1:00 PM to 5:00 PM @ Hyderabad

Job Description

Customer Service Executives

Excellent communication skills is a mandate and should possess excellent English (Verbal) Communication Skills.

About Company:



At GE Capital we're not just bankers, we're builders. We provide smart financing and the know-how of GE to help our customers' capital go further and do more. Your company is building something and we get that. What you're building takes money, but it may also need knowledge and expertise. This is where we come in.
GE Capital is an extension of GE's rich heritage of building and supporting growth. Investing in the sectors we know best, we can provide more than just financing: We bring insight, knowledge and expertise to every loan. And as a result, businesses that finance with GE Capital benefit from the global know-how and expertise of GE. Around the world, we're helping our customers to invent more, to make more, to sell more and to do it all with greater efficiency. We're helping companies in ways that no other bank can.
Because we're GE.


Walk-in Address

I-Labs Building

Near Hitech City, Madhapur,

Opposite Inorbit Mall,

Hyderabad.

Fresher & Exp Hiring For Quality Assurance Engineer @ “CA” in Hyderabad


Fresher & Exp Hiring For Quality Assurance Engineer @ “CA” in Hyderabad





Name: CA Technologies
Website: www.ca.com
Job Details
Education: B.E/B.Tech/M.E/M.Tech
Experience: Fresher/Exp
Location: Hyderabad
Job Description
Quality Assurance Engineer
Technical Skills:
Skill set: Manual Testing, Automation (One of QTP/Python/Staff), Knowledge on using QC (Quality Control) for test case management.
Good to have: Working experience on security products, Experience on C++/Java/.Net.
About Company:

CA Technologies is a global corporation with a local commitment. We work to improve the quality of life in communities where we live and work worldwide and are fully committed to advancing social, environmental and economic sustainability.

CA Together, our global Community Affairs program, is driven by the core philanthropic focus of improving the lives of underserved children and communities around the world.

We do this by supporting organizations, programs and initiatives that enrich the lives and well-being of others in focus areas including:

Education & Technology
Health & Human Services
Advancement of Women in IT

CA Together activities encompass:

Employee volunteerism and matching gifts
In-kind donations of CA Technologies products and services
Wide-ranging partnerships and philanthropic support to community organizations worldwide
While we are proud of our contributions of financial assistance and software, our most valuable donations are those made by our employees, who give their time and talents throughout the year to help those in need.

CA Together in Action

Check out our employees in action




Saturday 20 April 2013

SIS Soft recruiting freshers for Trainee Engineer Tester


SIS Soft recruiting freshers for Trainee Engineer Tester

Location: Hyderabad
Eligibility:
B.E , B.Tech 
2011/2012 passed out

About Company:

SIS Software (India) Pvt. Ltd. is a wholly owned subsidiary of Surgical Information Systems LLC (SIS LLC) based in Alpharetta, Georgia, USA. SIS (India) was founded in 2000 and is based in Hyderabad, India.

SIS provides software solutions that are uniquely designed to add value at every point of the perioperative process. SIS combines business and clinical know-how with feature-rich, fully integrated software, useful services, comprehensive support options, and well-designed staff education and training.

More than 270 hospitals ranging in size from community hospitals to large healthcare delivery networks use SIS’s technology and services. The SIS Solution is developed specifically for the complex surgical environment and integrates easily with other hospital systems. From scheduling to clinical documentation to materials management, the SIS Solution generates the information and the business processes that enable healthcare providers to improve efficiency and patient safety and manage their surgery department as a business.

SIS offers the only surgical scheduling system endorsed by the American Hospital Association (AHA) and a rule-based charging system that has been granted peer reviewed status by the Healthcare Financial Management Association (HFMA).

How to apply:
Send your CV to careers@sisfirst.com 

Wednesday 10 April 2013

Testing Methods




Testing Strategies
Testing software is a critical element of software quality assurance and represents the ultimate review of specification; and coding software testing fundamentals define the overriding objectives for software testing.

TESTING OBJECTIVES
Ø  Testing is a process of executing a program with the intent of finding an error.
Ø  A good case is one that has a high probability of finding an error.
Ø  A successful test is one that uncovers a yet undiscovered error. If testing is conducted successfully it will uncover errors in the software. Testing cannot show the absence of defects, it can only show the software defects are present.

TESTING PRINCIPLES
Before applying methods to design effective test cases, a software engineer must understand the basic principles that guide e software testing.
Ø  All tests should be traceable to customer requirements.
Ø  Test should be planned long before testing begins.
Ø  Testing should begin “in small” and progress towards testing “in large”
Ø  Exhaustive testing is not possible.
Ø  To be most effective. An independent third party should conduct testing.

TESTING TECHNIQUES
The primary objective for test case is to drive a set of sets that has the highest likelihood for uncovering defects in the software. Testing is the process of executing a program with the intent of finding as a yet and discovered error. To accomplish this objective tow different categories of test case technique used.
After test plan and before going to test design test case is important. According to the project requirements we have to test some conditions to ensure the quality of software. For the purpose of testing these conditions we have to write test cases.

TESTING STRATEGIES
Testing is a set of activities that can be planned in advance and connected systematically. A strategy for software testing must accommodate low level tests that are necessary to verify a small source code segment has been correctly implemented as well as high level tests that validate system functions against customer requirements.
                                      
 TEST CASE PREPARATION

1.1 BLACK BOX TESTING
The concept of the black box is used to represent a system whose inside workings or no available for inspection. In a black box, the test item is treated as a “black” since its logic is unknown: all that is known is what goes in and what comes out, or the input and output. Here, in this “Electronic Management Information System” the internal functionalities have been tested.

1.2 WHITE BOX TESTING
White box testing assumes that the specific logic is important and must be tested to guarantee the system’s proper functioning. The main use of the white box testing is in error based testing.
It is predict on close examination of procedural detail logical providing test cases that exercise specific sets of conditions and/or loops test path enough the software. Basis path testing is a white box testing technique. The basis path method enables the test case designer to derive a logical complexity of a procedural design and use this measure as a guide for defining as basis set of execution path.

 TEST CASE VERIFICATION

1. UNIT TESTING
Unit testing focuses on verifying the effort on the smallest unit of software-module. The local data structure is examined to ensure that the date stored temporarily maintains its integrity during all steps in the algorithm’s execution. Boundary conditions are tested to ensure that the module operates properly at boundaries established to limit or restrict processing.

2. INTEGRATION TESTING
Data can be tested across an interface. One module can have an inadvertent, adverse effect on the other. Integration testing is a systematic technique for constructing a program structure while conducting tests to uncover errors associated with interring.

3. PERFORMANCE TESTING
Performance Testing is used to test runtime performance of software within the context of an integrated system. Performance test are often coupled with stress testing and require both software instrumentation

 VALIDATION TESTING
After performing the validation testing, the next step is output testing of the proposed system since no system would be termed as useful until it does produce the required output in the specified format. Output format is considered in two ways, the screen format and the printer format.

 SYSTEM TESTING
System Testing is nothing but the testing the entire system. The following test cases are coming from the system testing.
Posted on 06:17 | Categories: